Cofinal set is uncountable
Consider sequences of natural numbers. We say that a sequence a majorizes b, notation a\succ b, if \lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{b_n}{a_n}=0.
We call a set of sequences C cofinal if for any sequence v there is u\in C such that u majorizes v.
\textbf{Statement}. Every cofinal set is uncountable.
\textbf{Proof}. The proof is utilization of Cantor's diagonal argument.
Assume C is a cofinal countable set, denote its elements as a^k for k=1,2,3,\ldots. First of all observe that \succ is a transitive relation and for any finite set of sequences, there is a sequence u which majorizes all of them (consider n times the pointwise maximum).
Construct a sequence of sequences b^k as follows -
take b^1_n=\max\{a^1_1,\ldots,a^1_n\}. Suppose we have constructed b^j for j=1,\ldots,k. Construct b^{k+1} as an nondecreasing sequence which majorizes all of a^i for i=1,\ldots,k+1 and b^j for j=1,\ldots,k.
Thus b^j\succ a^j and b^{j+1}\succ b^j and each b^j is nondecreasing sequence.
Let n_1 be such that \displaystyle \frac{b^1_{j}}{b^{2}_j}<\frac{1}{2} for j\ge n_1. Now for i>1 take n_i \ge\max\{i, \ n_{i-1}\} and such that \displaystyle \frac{b^i_{j}}{b^{i+1}_j}<\frac{1}{2} for j\ge n_i . Now define c_k=b_{n_k}^k. Take some a^j (j fixed) and we know b^j\succ a^j. Now take k>j. We have \frac{b^j_{n_k}}{c_k}=\frac{b^j_{n_k}}{b_{n_k}^k}=\frac{b^{k-1}_{n_{k}}}{b_{n_k}^k}\cdot \frac{b^{k-2}_{n_{k}}}{b_{n_{k}}^{k-1}}\cdots \frac{b_{n_k}^{j}}{b_{n_k}^{j+1}}. Since n_k\ge n_i when k>i we have that \frac{b^{i+1}_{n_{k}}}{b^i_{n_k}}< \frac{1}{2} for i\in\{j,\cdots k-1\}. Thus using the above form we have \frac{b^j_{n_k}}{c_k}<\frac{1}{2^{k-j}} Since b^j is noncreasing and n_k\ge k we have \frac{b^j_{k}}{c_k}\le \frac{b^j_{n_k}}{c_k}<\frac{1}{2^{k-j}}. This means that c\succ b^j for all j. Since b^j\succ a^j we see that c\succ a_j for all j which contradicts the fact that C is cofinal.
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